一、 阅读题
1、The ordinary family in colonial North America was primarily concerned with sheer physical survival and beyond that, its own economic prosperity. Thus, children were valued in terms of their productivity, and they assumed the role of producer quite early. Until they fulfilled this role, their position in the structure of the family was one of subordination, and their psychological needs and capacities received little consideration.
As the society became more complex, the status of children in the family and in the society became more important. In the complex, technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in constant contact with a great many other members. Consequently, viewing children as potentially acceptable and necessarily multifaceted (多才多艺的) members of society means that they are regarded more as people in their own right than as utilitarian (功利主义的) organisms. This acceptance of children as equal participants in the contemporary family is reflected in the variety of statutes protecting the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs devoted exclusively to their well-being.
This new view of children and the increasing contact between the members of society has also resulted in a surge of interest in child-rearing techniques. People today spend a considerable portion of their time conferring on the proper way to bring up children. It is now possible to influence the details of the socialization of another person's child by spreading the gospel of current and fashionable theories and methods of child rearing.
The socialization of the contemporary child in the United States is a two-way transaction between parent and child rather than a one-way, parent-to-child training program. As a consequence, socializing children and living with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems.
1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A) The Place of Children in United States Society
B) The Children of Colonial North America
C) The Development of Cultural Values
D) The Child as a Utilitarian Organism
2. According to the author, children in colonial North America were
mainly valued for their ________.
A) academic achievements
B) survival instincts
C) physical characteristics
D) productive roles
3. What can be inferred from the passage about formal schooling
in colonial North America?
A) It was generally required by law.
B) It was considered relatively unimportant.
C) It was improperly administered.
D) It was highly disciplined.
4. Which of the following does the author mention as a cause of
changes in the role of the child in the United States?
A) An increase in technology.
B) The growing complexity of the child's psychological needs.
C) A decrease in the child's intellectual capacities.
D) The growing number of single parent families.
5. According to the passage parents have become increasingly
interested in ________.
A) their children's future occupations
B) having smaller families
C) adoptions programs for childless couples
D) child-rearing techniques
答案：1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. D
2、An English dictionary is the most important thing you will need when learning English. A good dictionary will help you learn hundreds of new words, improve your pronunciation and grammar.
When you think of a dictionary, you usually think of a bilingual dictionary, such as an English-German dictionary and a French-English dictionary. There is also another kind of dictionary: an English-English (monolingual) dictionary. Such a dictionary is written only in English. English words are defined or explained in English. English-English dictionaries are better than bilingual dictionaries in that English definitions are real English phrases with grammar and words.
There are two kinds of English-English dictionaries: dictionaries for learners and dictionaries for native speakers. Dictionaries for native speakers are used by Americans, Britons, etc. to look up very difficult words, such as tintinnabulation. Dictionaries for learners are used by people who are learning English as a second language. Dictionaries for native speakers usually have more words than dictionaries for learners, but the definitions are more complicated, and there are fewer example sentences.
If possible, get a software dictionary instead of a paper one. Software dictionaries let you look up words very quickly. What's more, a computer dictionary has more space than a paper one, so it can give more information or it can present the same information in a clearer way. In many software dictionaries, you can listen to recordings, too.
A good dictionary must give example sentences for every word. Example sentences are not just helpful — they are actually more important than definitions. While a definition tells you the meaning of a word and sometimes gives you some grammatical information, example sentences can have more advantages. They let you check if you've understood the definition correctly, show you how to use a word in sentences and program your brain to produce correct English sentences.
It is a good idea to have at least two dictionaries: a large one to use at home, and a small one to carry with you. It is an even better idea to have at least two large dictionaries. Two example sentences are better than one. With more examples, you have a more complete picture of how a word is used and you can express more in English better.
6. Which of the following statements about dictionaries is NOT true?
A) A Chinese-English dictionary is a bilingual dictionary.
B) Definitions in bilingual dictionaries are real English phrases with grammar and words.
C) English words in English-English dictionaries are defined or explained in English.
D) English words in English-English dictionaries are not translated.
7. If you are a Chinese college student, and favor as many example sentences as possible to learn English words, what kind of dictionary will be the best choice?
A) A large bilingual dictionary for native speakers.
B) A large bilingual dictionary for learners.
C) A large monolingual dictionary for native speakers.
D) A large monolingual dictionary for learners.
8. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word "tintinnabulation" in Paragraph 3?
A) Difficult.
B) Dictionaries for learners.
C) Dictionaries for native speakers.
D) No hint to reveal its meaning.
9. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A) Typing a word on a keyboard is faster than turning pages in a large, heavy dictionary.
B) Software dictionaries rather than paper ones can tell you how to pronounce a word.
C) A paper dictionary can provide more information than a software one.
D) A computer dictionary can present the same information in a cleaner way than a paper one.
10. Why are example sentences more important than definitions?
A) It is not definition but example sentences that can provide some grammatical information.
B) Example sentences can help you check whether the definition of a word is correct or not.
C) Example sentences can help you learn the usage of a word.
D) Example sentences can program your brain to pronounce English sentences correctly.
答案：6. B 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. C
一、 阅读题
1、Laws that would have ensured pupils from five to 16 received a full financial education got lost in the ‘wash up’. An application is calling on the next government to bring it back.
At school the children are taught to add up and subtract(减法) but, extraordinarily, are not routinely shown how to open a bank account — let alone how to manage their finances in an increasingly complex and demanding world.
Today the parenting website Mumsnet and the consumer campaigner Martin Lewis have joined forces to launch an online application to make financial education a compulsory element of the school curriculum in England. Children from five to 16 should be taught about everything from pocket money to pensions, they say. And that was exactly the plan preserved in the Children, Schools and Families bill that was shelved by the government in the so-called “wash-up” earlier this month — the rush to legislation before parliament was dismissed. Consumer and parent groups believe financial education has always been one of the most frustrating omissions of the curriculum.
As the Personal Finance Education Group (Pfeg) points out, the good habits of young children do not last long. Over 75% of seven- to 11-year-olds are savers but by the time they get to 17, over half of them are in debt to family and friends. By this age, 26% see a credit card or overdraft(透支) as a way of extending their spending power. Pfeg predicts that these young people will “find it much harder to avoid the serious unexpected dangers that have befallen many of their parents' generation unless they receive good quality financial education while at school.”
The UK has been in the worst financial recession(衰退)for generations. It does seem odd that — unless parents step in — young people are left in the dark until they are cruelly introduced to the world of debt when they turn up at university. In a recent poll of over 8,000 people, 97% supported financial education in schools, while 3% said it was a job for parents.
1. The passage is mainly about _____________.
A. how to manage school lessons
B. how to deal with the financial crisis
C. teaching young people about money
D. teaching students how to study effectively
2. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that __________.
A. the author complains about the school education
B. pupils should not be taught to add up and subtract
C. students have been taught to manage their finances
D. laws on financial education have been effectively carried out
3. The website and the consumer campaigner joined to _________.
A. instruct the pupils to donate their pocket money
B. promote the connection of schools and families
C. ask the government to dismiss the parliament
D. appeal for the curriculum of financial education
4. According to Pfeg, ___________.
A. it is easy to keep good habits long
B. teenagers spend their money as planned
C. parents are willing to pay the debt for their kids
D. it will be in trouble if the teenagers are left alone
5. A poll is mentioned to ___________.
A. stress the necessity of the curriculum reform
B. show the seriousness of the financial recession
C. make the readers aware of burden of the parents
D. illustrate some people are strongly against the proposal
答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.A
2、I started to learn English when I was in elementary school. Together with my two friends, I had English classes with a private teacher. I lacked motivation and I learned very little. This stage was insignificant and could just as well have not happened at all.
I began to learn English in earnest when I went to high school. I was in the same class with Michal, but in different groups. I was in a group for students who were to learn English from scratch, and he was in a group for those who had already known some English. Very soon, my teacher noticed that my English was improving rapidly and he told me to join the group for the advanced learners. This was the worst thing that could have happened to me. My new teacher, who was Irish, didn't speak Polish so I couldn't understand her and I never knew what I was supposed to do. I was completely at a loss. My English didn't improve at all. As a result, at the end of that year I was sent back to the group for beginners.
My stay with the advanced group made me realize what kind of learning strategies I should use in the future. I discovered that I cannot pick up a new language directly from foreigners. I started to learn hard again.
I translated into Polish all new words that appeared in my course-book. Before a test I would memorize dozens of words with their Polish equivalents. However, later I would never revise those words so I would soon forget most of them.
I knew that I should improve my learning techniques and I decided to ask for help from those who had the best results in our class, that is Michal. That wasn't easy because in the second grade, they seemed to look down on girls. So after a few attempts to approach them I decided to give up. For two years I learned English using the method described above. My English was improving but I was still forgetting new words. Finally, in the fourth grade I got closer to Michal, who started to show me how to learn English more efficiently, which was a breakthrough in the whole process of my learning English.
Michal encouraged me to read books in English with monolingual dictionaries. Several months later, I began to write e-mail messages in English.
I have been using these techniques for four years, and in my opinion, I have achieved pretty good results.
6. Which of the author's English learning experiences was not worthy of notice?
A) In elementary school.
B) The first year in high school.
C) The second and third years in high school.
D) The fourth year in high school.
7. Who taught the author English during the first year in high school?
A) A private teacher.
B) The English teacher teaching the group for beginners.
C) The English teacher teaching the advanced group.
D) Both B) and C).
8. Of the following experiences, which one made the greatest suffering to the author?
A) She shared a private English teacher with her two friends.
B) She was moved to the advanced group in the first high school year.
C) She was sent back to the group for beginners.
D) She got Michal to help her in English.
9. What did the author learn from her study in the advanced group?
A) She could not learn a new language quite well.
B) Learning strategies are of importance.
C) Native teachers are not suitable for her.
D) She had to ask for help from those who had the best results in her class.
10. What is regarded as a milestone in the author's process of English learning?
A) Michal began to teach her an efficient way of learning English.
B) She tried to read books in English.
C) She tried to use monolingual dictionaries.
D) She tried to write e-mail messages in English.
答案：6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. A
阅读5
一、 阅读题
1、The fact that blind people can see things using other parts of their bodies apart from their eyes may help us understand our feeling about color. If they sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color without knowing it.
Salesmen have discovered by experience over a long period of time that sugar sells badly in green wrappings(包装), that blue foods are considered not agreeable to the taste, and that cosmetics(化妆品) should never be packed in brown. Their discoveries have grown into a whole subject of color psychology(心理学). Some of our preferences(偏爱) for colors are clearly psychological.
Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore connected with calm, while yellow is a day color connected with energy and encouragement. Experiments have shown that colors, partly because they are connected with psychology, also have a direct effect on people’s mind. People in bright red surroundings show an increase in breathing speed, heartbeat and blood pressure; red is exciting. Pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Being exciting, red was chosen as the signal for danger, but a close study shows that a bright yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm, so fire engines in some advanced areas are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop buses, trucks and cars.
1. The passage tells us that salesmen have __________.
A. discovered the relationship between color and psychology
B. tried out colors on blind people
C. found out that color affect sales
D. developed a special subject of color psychology
2. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. what color we prefer depends on our state of mind
B. foods sell well in green or blue wrappings
C. blind people cannot sense color difference
D. a bright yellow has exactly the opposite effect to red
3. If people are exposed to(置身于) pure blue, _________.
A. their blood pressure rises
B. they want to taste blue foods
C. they will feel like buying things
D. they won’t easily feel nervous
4. The most effective color in the passage for warning people is _______.
A. red
B. dark blue
C. bright yellow
D. green
5. Which of the following do you think is the best title of the passage?
A. Colors and sales
B. Colors and feelings
C. The blind and colors
D. Preferences for colors
答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B
2、Blind imitation (模仿)is self-destruction.To those who do not recognize their unique worth. Imitation appears attractive: to those who know their strenghth. Imitation is unacceptable.
In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.
In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.
In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.
Blessed is the person willing to act on their sundden desire to create somrthing unique.Think of the movies,books,teachers,and friends that have affected you most deeply.They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration,not desperation.The world is changed not by those who do what has been done brfore them,but by those who do what has been done inside them.Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.The problem a creator faces is not running out of material;it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.
Syudy your role models,accept the gifts they have given,and leave behind what does not server.Then you can say,”I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors”tragedies and tory ,and know that they are cheering on.
6.Imitation proves useful when you .
A.know you are unique
B.lose the bslance of life
C.begin to learn something new
D.get tired of routine practice
7. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should________.
A. forget daily fear and pain
B. choose the right example
C. ask others for decisions
D. stay away from stars
8.Acording to the author. The world moves on because of those who are .
A. desperate to intruence others with their knowledge
B. ready to turn their original ideas into reality
C. eager to discover what their ancestors did
D. willing to accept others’ideas
9.The trouble a creator faces is .
A. the lack of strong motivation
B. the absence of practical ideas
C. how to search for more materials
D. how to use imagination creatively
10. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
A. To highlight the importance of creatively.
B. To criticize the characters of role models.
C. To compare imitation with creation.
D. To explain the meaning of success.
答案：6.C 7.B 8.B 9.D 10.A
